Nelson Mandela, who was released from jail 11 February 1990, Taking Responsibility of Presidency.

South African President Nelson Mandela takes the oath 10 May 1994 during his inauguration at the Union Building in Pretoria. Mandela was elected president at the first session of the country's post-apartheid parliament, 09 May 1994 in Cape Town. South Africans had voted 27 April 1994 in the country's first democratic and multiracial general elections. (Photo credit should read WALTER DHLADHLA/AFP/Getty Images)

Former South African President Nelson Mandela reacts at the Mandela foundation,  in Johannesburg, South Africa, Tuesday June 2, 2009, during a meeting with a group of American and South African students  as part of a series of activities leading to  Mandela Day on July 18th. (AP Photo/Pool-Theana Calitz-Bilt, Pool)

South African anti-apartheid leader and African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela (L) and Zambian president Kenneth Kaunda (R) wave to the crowd as they arrive at a mass rally of ANC, at Independent Stadium, 03 March 1990 in Lusaka, seat of the exiled ANC. 

Nelson Mandela, who was released from jail 11 February 1990, is in Zambia to attend a meeting of ANC National Executive Committee. (Photo credit should read WALTER DHLADHLA/AFP/Getty Images)

Nelson Mandela Dies at 95

(FILES) A picture taken on February 11, 1990 shows Nelson Mandela (C) and his then-wife Winnie raising their fists and saluting cheering crowd upon Mandela's release from the Victor Verster prison near Paarl. 

Rolihlahla Dalibhunga Mandela, affectionately known by his clan name "Madiba", became commander-in-chief of Umkhonto weSizwe (Spear of the Nation), the armed underground wing of the African National Congress, in 1961, and the following year underwent military training in Algeria and Ethiopia. After more than a year underground, Mandela was captured by police and sentenced in 1964 to life in prison during the Rivonia trial, where he delivered a speech that was to become the manifesto of the anti-apartheid movement. Mandela started his prison years in the notorious Robben Island Prison, a maximum security prison on a small island 7Km off the coast near Cape Town. 

In April 1984 he was transferred to Pollsmoor Prison in Cape Town and in December 1988 he was moved the Victor Verster Prison near Paarl. While in prison, Mandela flatly rejected offers made by his jailers for remission of sentence in exchange for accepting the bantustan policy by recognising the independence of the Transkei and agreeing to settle there. Again in the 'eighties Mandela rejected an offer of release on condition that he renounce violence. 

Prisoners cannot enter into contracts. Only free men can negotiate, he said, according to ANC reports.  AFP PHOTO FILES / ALEXANDER JOE (Photo credit should read ALEXANDER JOE/AFP/Getty Images)